Lull's Book of Propositions

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bullet2 1 - Propositions
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Essential memory B.

1. Essential memory is an essence of the soul together with essential intellect and essential will.

2. The purpose of essential memory is a being that is an aggregate of itself with essential intellect and essential will.

3. Essential memory is an actively remembering essence that apprehends its likenesses and unlikenesses.


Essential intellect C

1. Inasmuch as essential intellect is intellective, it is an active essence, and inasmuch as it is intelligible, essential intellect is passive.

2. Essential intellect is a light created in itself, as well as in essential memory and essential will.

3. Essential intellect is an active light inasmuch as it produces its likenesses in other things through the intellect, and it is a receptive light inasmuch as it inwardly receives its likenesses.


Essential will  D

1. Essential willingness and essential unwillingness both are of the essence of will without any difference.

2. Essential will, as an actively willing essence, contains form; and as an essence that can be desired by the will, essential will contains matter.

3. Free will was created at the root of essential will through willingness and unwillingness.


Being E.

1. The soul's being is an aggregate of the essential memory, essential intellect and essential will that illuminate and produce it.

2. The soul's being is a universal rational subject, through which its essences influence its powers.

3. Since the essences of the rational soul are incorruptible, the soul itself is incorruptible.


Form F.

1. There is form in the soul, as essential memory is recollective, essential intellect is intellective and essential will is actively willing.

2. The form of the soul consists of essential memory, essential intellect and essential will and transmits its influence to memory, intellect and will.

3. The form of the rational soul is an essence essentially produced by essential memory, essential intellect and essential will and it essentially produces itself as it also essentially produces memory, intellect and will.


Matter G.

1. Spiritual matter is produced in the soul as it receives its being from its essential parts.

2. The matter of the rational soul is an aggregate of the receptivity of essential memory, essential intellect and essential will.

3. The matter of the rational soul is the root of the powers of vegetation and sense transmitting its influence to the matter of memory, intellect and will.


Conjunction H.  

1. Essential memory, essential intellect and essential will incessantly join one another in the soul's being through attraction, giving and receiving.

2. The soul's being is a conjunction of form and matter.

3. The rational soul's being is a conjunction of its essences and powers that accidentally influence the conjunction of the acts of its powers.


Simplicity I.

1. As an actively understanding essence, essential intellect is a simple form, and as a receptive essence of the soul, it is simple matter.

2. The form of the rational soul is one simple form on account of the simplicity of the forms producing it.

3. Just as simple forms enter into the soul under one common form, so do simple powers issue from one common form.


Composition K.

1. The soul is not a compound of its essences, but rather a being with its own identity consisting of them.

2. As essential intellect does not exist as a being per se but only as a part of the soul, it is composed in the soul but not in itself.

3. Any composition made of the soul's form and matter is incorruptible, but composition made from the secondary acts of the soul's powers is corruptible.


Substance L.

1. The substance of the rational soul stands under essential memory, essential intellect and essential will and under the acts of memory, intellect and will.

2. Whatever is of the essence of the soul exists in the substance of the soul, and not in itself.

3. In the substance of the soul, the senses stand under the intellect and the vegetative power stands under the senses.


Accident M.

1. As the being of the rational soul stands substantially under its essence, this being's powers belong to it by accident.

2. The powers of the soul are substantial as compared to their acts, which are accidental forms.

3. The substantial form of the rational soul is the one produced by the soul itself, and the vegetative and sensitive forms belong to it accidentally.


Virtue N.

1. The soul's virtue arises in its essence and proceeds into being; and from its being it proceeds into its powers and then shines forth in the acts of the powers.

2. Faith, hope and charity are virtues produced by the acts of the powers.

3. The soul's essential virtue illuminates the virtue of the sensitive and vegetative powers.


Operation O.

1. As the soul's essence actively remembers, understands and wills, its inner operation never ceases.

2. The soul's being is the work of its essence, its powers are the work of its being, and remembering, understanding and willing or not willing are operations of the powers.

3. As the soul has active form and passive matter, the power of free will is central to its work.


Interiority P.

1. As the essences of the rational soul actively operate and apprehend objects within themselves, they naturally produce the inward being of the soul.

2. As form inwardly and actively informs itself and also informs matter, it produces the soul's being exclusively within its own species.

3. The soul's being influences its powers within itself and not outside.


Exteriority Q.

1. Within itself, the active intellect produces the sensitive and vegetative powers outside of its own species.

2. The active intellect produces its own likeness inwardly by using external objects.

3. The active intellect naturally seeks out external species in order to have God within itself.


Motion R.

1. The soul's motion is the virtue whereby the soul actively apprehends and receives objects both inwardly and outwardly.

2. With its own motion, the soul virtually moves the body by keeping it alive.

3. The intellect influences the will with the light of essential intellect, and the will influences the intellect with the light of essential will.